Etnomirmecologia e perspectivas agroecológicas no controle de formigas cortadeiras

Resumo

We investigated the relationship between the socioeconomic profile and the agroecological knowledge of MST peasants regarding leaf-cutting ants. Interviews were conducted with 80 farmers, recording information about their socioeconomic profile, agroecological knowledge, and control methods used. We identified similarities among older farmers with no formal education, who were unfamiliar with agroecology and had a negative environmental perception of leaf-cutting ants, and use of chemical baits for control. On the other hand, younger farmers with agroecological knowledge and access to education, attributed positive functions, to the leaf-cutting ants and so, the use of agroecological control methods was cited. Additionally, we conducted behavioral experiments on Acromyrmex subterraneus using three agroecological techniques more cited in laboratory conditions. Cow urine extracts and isopathy were effective in repelling leaf-cutting ants. Agroecology proved to be an ally in promoting sustainable agriculture.